Abstract: In recent years, cyanobacterial blooms have occurred frequently in Hulun Lake, and the local response method is mainly to salvage. How to deal with the cyanobacteria stock solution that is not dehydrated directly from the lake has become one of the primary problems to be solved. Cyanobacteria inoculation has been proven to have a certain restorative function on soil, but the cyanobacteria used are mostly cultured native terrestrial algae, and the effect of freshwater algae on soil properties is still unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new method of local cyanobacteria resource utilization. Based on the climatic characteristics and economic development of Hulun Lake, two types of soil, chestnut soil and sandy soil, were selected in a local typical degraded grassland area, and the cyanobacteria weight ratios were set at 0%, 1%, 3%, 5% and 10% to observe the effect of cyanobacteria on soil properties. The results found that (1)compared with the control treatment, cyanobacteria could improve the physical and chemical properties of chestnut soil and sandy soil in Hulun Lake. The organic matter content increased by 5.50%-103.93%, the nitrogen content increased by 10.27%-166.46%, the content of available phosphorus increased by 12.84%-573.16%, the pH decreased by 2.34%-12.43%, and the nutrient content of sandy soil increased more significantly. (2)The application of cyanobacteria stock solution had a good effect on the water evaporation of the two typical soils, which could improve soil water absorption and water retention, under the same algal application amount, the inhibition effect of cyanobacteria on the evaporation of the two soils was similar, and the evaporation was reduced by 17.10%-59.44% compared with the control. (3)The application of 10% cyanobacteria stock solution had the best effect on the improvement of the two typical soil properties, which could significantly increase the soil nutrient content and enhance the water absorption capacity and water retention capacity, especially sandy soil. Although the soil total salt content increased, the total amount was low. In conclusion, the application of cyanobacteria stock solutions in degraded grassland and sandy land of Hulun Lake is a new treatment method to improve soil quality, and this is of great significance for the exploration of local cyanobacteria resource utilization modes.